|
L T P 3 - 4 RATIONALE
Diploma holders in Leather Technology are supposed to acquire fundamental knowledge of history of leather manufacture, anatomical structure, composition of hides, skins, proteins, curing, presentation, pretanning and post-tanning operations, , chrome tanning, syntans etc for enabling them to perform effectively on the shop floor. Hence this subject is introduced in the curriculum. Teachers are expected to provide greater emphasis on developing relevant skills in the students. DETAILED CONTENTS
THEORY
1. Introduction (6
hrs) History of Leather manufacture, Flaying,
availability, classification and grading of hides and skins, defects of hides and skins, anatomical
structure of hides and skins, chemical composition and constituents of hides
and skins 2. Proteins
(6
hrs) Nature and types of proteins, physical and
chemical composition of skin, proteins, reactions with acids, base and salts
(in brief) 3. Curing and Preservation (6
hrs) Methods and chemistry of curing of hides and
skins merits and demerits of each method, code of practice for curing and
preservation of cattle hides as per latest standards specifications 4. Pretanning
Operations (8
hrs) Principles
and objectives involved in desalting, soakins, liming, deliming, bating, puring
and drenching, pickling, depickling, bleaching, degreasing 5. Tanning
(6
hrs) Concept and definition of tanning, leather
properties dependent on tanning. Types of tannages. 6. Chrome Tanning (10 hrs) Warners
coordination theory of chrome compounds, Chemistry of Chromium complexes,
preparation of chrome liquors, self-basifying chrome powder, hydrolysis,
olation, oxolation, polymerization, effect of masking salts. Factors influencing chrome tanning like pH,
concentration time, temperature, neutral salts. Basification and basicity
principles and chemistry of various chrome tanning methods 7. Syntans
(6
hrs) Classification, general methods of
preparation, reactions with skin protein used in leather manufacture, types and
uses of various resin tanning agents. LIST OF PRACTICALS
INSTRUCTIONAL
STRATEGY
This subject is one of the basic subjects for the diploma in leather technology. The teacher should lay lot of emphasis on developing thorough understanding of various facts, concepts, principles and practices involved in leather manufacturing. Teacher should design tutorial exercises and students should be given practice on solving the same using books, manuals, with the assistance of teachers. Visits to some of the small, medium and large-scale tanneries may also be arranged to expose the students about various processes. Students should be sent to market for collecting samples and catalogue of various raw materials used in tanneries. RECOMMENDED
BOOKS
1. An Introduction to Principles of Leather Manufacture by SS Dutta, Indian Leather Technologists Association, Kolkota 2. Theory and Practice of Leather Manufacture by KT Sarkar 3. Leather Technicians Handbook by JH Sharphouse, Lather Producers Association, Northampton, UK 4. Chemistry and Technology of Leather by O’ Flaherty, Roddy and Lollar, Vol. I and II, Robert E. Krieger Publishing Company, USA 5. Vegetable Tanning Materials of India by VS Sundara Rao 6. Practical Leather Technology by TC Thorstensen, Robert E. Krieger Publishing Co., Florida SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS
|